Research area | Mathematics, Physics and Engineering |
Title | Ionic polaron in a Bose-Einstein condensate |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Publication year | 2021 |
Authors | Astrakharchik, GE, Ardila, LAPena, Schmidt, R, Jachymski, K, Negretti, A |
Journal | COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS |
Volume | 4 |
Number | 1 |
Type of Article | Article |
Abstract | An impurity introduced to a many-body quantum environment gets dressed by excitations and it is of a particular interest to understand the limits of the quasi-particle description. The authors theoretically and numerically study an ionic impurity immersed in a weakly interacting gas of bosonic atoms and demonstrate the existence of two main phases of a polaronic regime for weak interactions, and a strongly correlated state with many bosons bound to the ion. The presence of strong interactions in a many-body quantum system can lead to a variety of exotic effects. Here we show that even in a comparatively simple setup consisting of a charged impurity in a weakly interacting bosonic medium the competition of length scales gives rise to a highly correlated mesoscopic state. Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we unravel its vastly different polaronic properties compared to neutral quantum impurities. Moreover, we identify a transition between the regime amenable to conventional perturbative treatment in the limit of weak atom-ion interactions and a many-body bound state with vanishing quasi-particle residue composed of hundreds of atoms. In order to analyze the structure of the corresponding states, we examine the atom-ion and atom-atom correlation functions which both show nontrivial properties. Our findings are directly relevant to experiments using hybrid atom-ion setups that have recently attained the ultracold regime. |
DOI | 10.1038/s42005-021-00597-1 |